Czechia
Based on the most recent published official birth records (and Birthgap harmonisation where noted).
Czech Republic experienced a significant increase in lifetime childlessness in 2024, rising sharply by 5.5 percentage points to 35.7%, reversing recent improvements. At the same time, the total maternal rate fell notably, continuing a downward trend that has seen fertility levels well below those of the 1970s. Average maternal age remains stable, close to 30 years, reflecting a longer-term rise in the age at which women have children.
- Total maternal rate declined to 64.3%, down from 69.8% in 2023, marking a persistent fertility decline since the 1970s.
- Childlessness has increased significantly, now affecting over one-third of women by the end of their reproductive years.
- Average maternal age at first birth is steady at 29.7 years, about 7 years older than in the 1970s.
- The childlessness increase contrasts with a modest rise in total fertility gap, indicating more women forgoing children rather than fewer children per mother.
In 2024, Czechia shows declining total maternal rate and rising childlessness amid stable average maternal age at birth.
- Total maternal rate down sharply, ranking 15th in Europe
- Average children per mother slightly increasing, ranks 14th in Europe
- Childlessness rate rising, ranks 17th in Europe
- Births forecast to halve by 2075, 90% drop by 2195
- Breastfeeding rate high, ranked 3rd across Europe
Key fertility indicators — Czechia
| Total Maternal Rate (TMR) | 64.3% |
| Childlessness Rate (TCR) | 35.7% |
| Average Maternal Age (AMA) | 29.7 years |
| TGI (great-grandchildren per 100 parents) | 28 |
Motherhood prevalence (TMR)
The total maternal rate (TMR) in Czech Republic stands at 64.3% for 2024, marking a notable decline of 5.5 percentage points since 2023. Over the last five years, this rate has been on a downward trend, with an average of 78.0% from 2020 to 2024. When compared to the 1970s average of 97.3%, the current figure is about 33.0 percentage points lower. On a global scale, Czech Republic ranks 15th among 38 countries, and holds the same position in a European context where it ranks 15th out of 31.
| Year | TMR | Year | TMR |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 91.5% | 2010 | 73.2% |
| 1980 | 93.9% | 2020 | 87.2% |
| 1990 | 90.3% | 2023 | 69.8% |
| 2000 | 54.0% | 2024 | 64.3% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Children per mother (CPM)
In 2024, the number of children per mother (CPM) in Czech Republic stands at 2.10, showing a slight increase from 2.07 in 2023. Over the past five years, this figure has been on the rise, averaging about 2.07. However, it still falls short of the 1970s level, which averaged 2.30, marking a decrease of roughly 0.21 today. On the global stage, Czech Republic holds the 18th position among 38 countries, while in Europe, it ranks 14th out of 31.
| Year | CPM | Year | CPM |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 2.10 | 2010 | 2.07 |
| 1980 | 2.25 | 2020 | 2.02 |
| 1990 | 2.11 | 2023 | 2.07 |
| 2000 | 2.13 | 2024 | 2.10 |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Average maternal age (AMA)
The average maternal age (AMA) at birth in 2024 is 29.7 years, showing little change from 2023. Over the last five years, AMA has steadily increased, with a five-year average of 29.2 years. This figure is 7.1 years greater than the average during the 1970s. Compared to other nations, Czech Republic holds the 23rd position out of 38 countries worldwide and ranks 18th among 31 countries in Europe.
| Year | BIRTH | Year | BIRTH |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 22.47 | 2010 | 27.62 |
| 1980 | 22.37 | 2020 | 28.57 |
| 1990 | 22.47 | 2023 | 29.60 |
| 2000 | 24.96 | 2024 | 29.67 |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Birthgap Generational Indicator (TFG)
In 2024, Czech Republic’s Birthgap Generational Indicator (TFG) stands at 34.8%, corresponding to a total fertility rate (TFR) of 1.35. This reflects an increase of nearly 4.8 percentage points from 2023. Childlessness has shown an upward trend over the last five years, with an average of 22.3% between 2020 and 2024. When compared to the 1970s, where the TFG averaged around 5.8%, current levels are about 33.6 percentage points higher. The country experienced its lowest TFG from 1980 to 1982, at just over 3.1%. On the global stage, Czech Republic ranks 17th out of 38 countries, while in Europe, it is 12th among 31 nations.
| Year | TFG | Year | TFG |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 7.3% | 2010 | 26.8% |
| 1980 | n/a | 2020 | 15.0% |
| 1990 | 7.9% | 2023 | 30.0% |
| 2000 | 44.4% | 2024 | 34.8% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Societal Half-Life (SHL)
Czech Republic’s SHL stands at 51.4 years years in 2024. It has decreased by 9.9 years compared with 2023. Over the past five years, SHL has been falling, averaging 102.0 years. Compared with the 1970s average (661.8 years), SHL is now shorter by about 610.4 years.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 21 out of 38 countries.Within Europe, it ranks 19 out of 31.
Triple Generation Impact (TGI)
With this Birthgap (TFG) for every 100 people of fertility age in Czech Republic, there would be 28 great-grandchildren, representing a -72.0% drop from the current generation.
Globally, Czech Republic ranks 17 out of 38 countries. Within Europe, it ranks 12 out of 31.
Birth trajectory
If the birth trajectory observed in 2024 continues, the number of births is projected to drop significantly over the coming decades. By 2075, births are expected to decline by 50%, decreasing from 84,311 in 2024 to 42,156. Looking further ahead to 2195, this downward trend suggests a 90% reduction, bringing births down to 8,431, assuming no migration impacts the numbers.
Childlessness rate (TCR)
The lifetime childlessness rate (TCR) in Czech Republic reached 35.7% in 2024, marking an increase of 5.5 percentage points from 2023. Over the last five years, this rate has been steadily rising, with the average from 2020 to 2024 standing at 22.0%. Compared to the 1970s average of 2.7%, the current rate is about 33.0 percentage points higher. The lowest levels of childlessness were recorded in the late 2010s (2017–2019), at 12.9%. Among 38 countries worldwide, Czech Republic ranks 24th in childlessness, while within Europe, it holds the 17th position out of 31 countries.
| Year | TCR | Year | TCR |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 8.5% | 2010 | 26.8% |
| 1980 | 6.1% | 2020 | 12.8% |
| 1990 | 9.7% | 2023 | 30.2% |
| 2000 | 46.0% | 2024 | 35.7% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Total births
In 2024, the total number of births in Czech Republic reached 84,311, marking a decrease of 6,814 from the previous year. During the last five years, births have been on a declining trend, with an average annual figure of 99,729. When compared to the 1970s average of 175,342 births, the current numbers are significantly lower by 91,031, representing a 51.9% reduction.
| Year | Births | Year | Births |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 147.8k | 2010 | 117.1k |
| 1980 | 153.8k | 2020 | 110.2k |
| 1990 | 130.5k | 2023 | 91.1k |
| 2000 | 90.9k | 2024 | 84.3k |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
Birthgap Retirement Indicator (BRI)
By 2024, the Birthgap Retirement Indicator (BRI) for Czech Republic reached 53.6%, marking a notable increase of 9.3 percentage points from 2023. Over the past five years (2020–2024), the BRI has shown a rising trend, averaging 35.2%. When compared to the 1970s average of -37.5%, the current figure is higher by approximately 91.1 percentage points. This places Czech Republic among the top countries globally, ranking 6th out of 35, and within Europe, it stands at 3rd out of 30 in terms of BRI values.
| Year | BRI | Year | BRI |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | -47.8% | 2010 | 5.6% |
| 1980 | -24.4% | 2020 | 22.2% |
| 1990 | -22.1% | 2023 | 44.3% |
| 2000 | 42.3% | 2024 | 53.6% |
Source: Eurostat; Human Fertility Database.
